On Active Services In Peace And War (Paperback)

ON ACTIVE SERVICE IN PEACE AND WAR BY HENRY L. STIMSON Secretary of War 191 1-13, Secretary of State 1929-33 Secretary of War 1940-45 AND McGEORGE BUNDY Junior Fellow, Society of Fellows Harvard University HARPER 6 BROTHERS, NEW YORK 4-8 ON ACTIVE SERVICE IN PEACE AND WAR Copyright p 7, jtytf, by Henry L. Stimson Printed in the United States of America All nghts in this book are reserved. No part o the book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brie quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address Harper 3 Brothers FIRST EDITION B-X About one fifth of the material in this book was published serially under the title of Time of Peril THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO M. W. S. WHOSE LOVE AND CARE HAVE MADE POSSIBLE BOTH THE LIFE AND THIS RECORD OF IT H, L. S. McG. B. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction by Henry L. Stimson xi PART I ON MANY FRONTS I Attorney for the Government 3 II With Roosevelt and Taft 18 i. Running for Governor 2. Secretary of War 3. The Split of 1912 III Responsible Government 56 i. Framing a Program 2. In Convention Assembled 3. Success, Failure, and Victory 4. Credo of a Progres sive Conservative IV The World Changes 82 i. War Comes to America 2. Colonel Stimson V As Private Citizen 101 i. The League of Nations Fight 2. At the Bar 3. The Peace of Tipitapa VI Governor General of the Philippines 117 I. The Background 2. A Happy Year 3. Later Dis appointments and Some Hopes PART II WITH SPEARS OK STRAW VII Constructive Beginnings 155 I. Washington in 1929 2. London in 1930 3, Latin America in 1931 VIII The Beginnings of Disaster 190 I, Before the Storm 2, Economic Crisis in Europe 3. More about TheseDamn Debts IX The Far Eastern Crisis 2,20 i. A Japanese Decision 2. From Conciliation to Non recognition 3. Shanghai 4. The Borah Letter 5. Con clusion and Retrospect vn X The Tragedy of Timidity i. Disarmament A Surface Issue 2. The Failure of Statesmanship XI Out Again 282 i. The Campaign of 1932 2. Middleman after Election XII Toward General War 297 i. Citizen and Observer 2. 1933-1940 Cast as Cas sandra PART HI TIME OF PERIL XIII Call to Arms 323 i. Back to Washington 2. The Newcomer 3. The Best Staff He Ever Had XIV The First Year 345 I. Men for the New Army 2. Supplies 3. To Britain Alone XV Valley of Doubt 364 I. A Difference with the President 2, The Price of Indecision XVI The War Begins 382 i . Pearl Harbor 2. Mission of Delay 3. War Secretary XVII The Army and Grand Strategy 41 I . Pearl Harbor to North Africa 2. The Great I eeision XVIII The Wartime Army 449 i. Reorganization 2, Dipping Down 3. The Place of Specialists 4. Student Soldiers 5. The Army and the Negro 6. Science and New Weapons XIX The Effort for Total Mobilization 470 i. Military Manpower 2. National Service 3. Labor and the War 4. The Army and War Production A Note on Administration 5. Public Relations XX The Army and the Navy 503 i, Stimson and the Admirals 2. Lessons of Antisub marine War 3. Unification and the Future XXI The Army and the Grand Alliance 524 i. Stilwell and China 2. France Defeat, Darlan, De Gaulle, and Deliverance 3. FDR and Military Govern ment 4. A Word from Hindsight XXII The Beginnings of Peace 565 i. A Shift in Emphasis 2. The Morgenthau Plan 3. The Crime of Aggressive War 4. Planning for Recon struction 5. A Strong America 6. Bases and Big Powers 7. The Emergent Russian Problem XXIIIThe Atomic Bomb and the Surrender of Japan 612 i . Making a Bomb 2. The Achievement of Surrender XXIV The Bomb and Peace with Russia 634 XXV The Last Month 656 i . Judgment of the Army 2. The Chief of Staff 3. The Commander in Chief 4. The End Afterword by Henry L. Stimson 671 A Note of Explanation and Acknowledgment by McGeorge Bundy 673 Brief Chronology of World War 1 1 679 Index 685 INTRODUCTION book contains an account of the years of my public A service my actions, motives, and estimates of results from my point of view...